Philosophy+is+useless+if+it+is+not+based+on+real-world+experience

-Pangloss's philosophy of "this is the best of all possible worlds" is completely false. When exposed to real-world experiences, such as the massacre of Westphalia, Candide being put through the Bulgarian gauntlet, Pangloss getting syphilis, Cunegonde and Dakota being raped and enslaved, James the Anabaptist drowning, Pangloss being hanged, Candide being seperated from Cunegonde, almost eaten by Natives in South America, being robbed in Paris, watching the English admiral being hung for a foolish reason, losing his wealth, finding Cunegonde and Dakota ugly and old, and being publicly wipped, it clearly shows that the is not "the best of all possible worlds".
 * Plot**

-Martin, Cacambo, and the old women's philosophies are all realistic and applicable because they have experienced the world and knew how it really was. None of them were completely optimistic.

-Every part of the world he visted had it's owns problems that didn't make it the best of all posssible worlds. As he began to gain knowlegde from his experiences from the places he visited he was able to create an accurate philosphy of his own.
 * Setting**

-Pangloss
 * Characters**